What percentage of TR4 nodules are cancerous?
The investigators, led by radiologist Mohammad Abd Alkhalik Basha, MD, of Zagazig University, reported that 74% of 87 TR5 highly suspicious-rated nodules were malignant as well as 58% of the 120 TR4 moderately suspicious-rated nodules.
Should a TR4 nodule be biopsied?
For TR4 nodules, the guidelines recommend fine-needle aspiration if the nodule is 1.5cm or larger, and follow-ups if larger than 1cm. The guidelines recommend biopsies if the nodule is 1cm or larger and follow-ups if it is greater than 0.5cm in size, for TR5 nodules.
What does TR4 thyroid nodule mean?
TR4 nodules, or “moderately suspicious,” are 4 to 6 points, and TR5 nodules, or “highly suspicious,” are 7 points or more. For TR4 nodules, the guidelines recommend fine-needle aspiration if the nodule is 1.5 centimeters or greater and follow-ups if it is 1 centimeter or greater.
How often are TR4 nodules cancerous?
The nodules corresponding to cancer were classified according to ACR as TR3 in only 2.3% of cases, TR4 in 27%, and TR5 in 70.5%.
What size thyroid nodule is worrisome?
The nodules in 5% of each size group were classified as malignant. Six percent of the nodules 1 to 1.9 cm were considered suspicious, as were 8 to 9% of nodules in the larger size groups. Based on surgical pathology, 927 of 7348 nodules (13%) were cancers.
What makes a thyroid nodule suspicious?
For the U.S. population, the lifetime risk of developing thyroid cancer is 1.1 percent. When a thyroid nodule is suspicious – meaning that it has characteristics that suggest thyroid cancer – the next step is usually a fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB).
Should I be concerned about a nodule on my thyroid?
The vast majority — more than 95% — of thyroid nodules are benign (noncancerous). If concern arises about the possibility of cancer, the doctor may simply recommend monitoring the nodule over time to see if it grows. Ultrasound can help evaluate a thyroid nodule and determine the need for biopsy.
What percentage of moderately suspicious thyroid nodules are cancerous?
Because FNA is accurate and cost-effective, the American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommends FNA of all thyroid nodules > 1 cm (3). Overall, about 5–10% of thyroid FNAs will have malignant cytology, 10–25% will be indeterminate or suspicious for cancer, and 60–70% will be benign (5, 6).
How many TR5 nodules are cancerous?
Additional issues with the ACR TIRADS data set and guidelines
| TIRADS Category | Number of Nodules | Cancer Prevalence in that TR Category (Overall Cancer Rate in the Data Set was 10.3% |
|---|---|---|
| TR3 | 775 | 4.8% |
| TR4 | 1251 | 9.1% |
| TR5 | 534 | 34.3% |
| Total | 3407 |
What size thyroid nodule should be removed?
Some surgeons recommend thyroidectomy for nodules ≥4 cm even in the setting of benign FNAC, due to increased risk of malignancy and increased false negative rates in large thyroid nodules [12,13,14,15]. Even more aggressive surgeons use a threshold of 3 cm [16].
Why did my thyroid nodule grow?
The majority of thyroid nodules are caused by an overgrowth of normal thyroid tissue. The cause of this overgrowth is usually unknown, but there is a strong genetic basis. In rare cases, thyroid nodules are associated with: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, an autoimmune disease that leads to hypothyroidism.